Aliphatic azo formates and formamides



United States Patent 3,522,233 ALIPHATIC AZO FORMATES AND FORMAMIDES Chester Stephen Sheppard, Tonawanda, and Leonard Earnest Korczykowski, North Tonawanda, N.Y., assignors to Pennwalt Corporation, a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 409,306, Nov. 5, 1964. This application Nov. 21, 1967, Ser. No. 684,653

Int. Cl. C07c 107/00 US. Cl. 260-192 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Unsymmetrical azodiformates, e.g. methyl ethyl azodiformate; acylazoformates, e.g. ethyl benzoylazoformate; and acylazoforrnarnides e.g. benzoylazo-N-n-butylformamide, having utility as dyes, polymerization catalysts, blowing agents, oxidizing agents and free-radical generators, are described.

RELATED APPLICATION This is a continuation-in-part, filed in response to a requirement for restriction, of our copending application Ser. No. 409,306, filed Nov. 5, 1964 and now abandoned.

This invention relates to the preparation of N-monohalomonosubstituted urea; also the preparation of hydrazine derivatives; also to the preparation of azo compounds. Further, the invention relates to a new class of N-monohalomonosubstituted ureas, including N-monochloro-N-(alkoxycarbonyl) ureas; a new class of hydrazine derivatives; and new classes of azoformates and azocarboxamido compounds.

An object of the invention is a process for the preparation of N-monohalomonosubstituted ureas by direct halogenation of the corresponding monosubstituted ureas.

Another object of the invention is a process of direct halogenation of monosubstituted ureas to N-monohalomonosubstituted ureas, in high yield.

Still another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of hydrazine derivatives, both disubstituted and monosubstituted.

Yet another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of hydrazine derivatives from readily available chemical intermediates.

A particular object of the invention is a process which can be controlled to the substantial preparation only of disubstituted or monosubstituted hydrazine derivatives.

Another particular object of the invention is process for the preparation of unsymmetrical disubstituted hydrazine derivatives.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent in the course of the detailed description of the invention.

SUMMARY N-monohalomonosubstituted urea invention In this process of the invention, a monosubstituted urea,

is reacted with free-halogen, preferably chlorine. The urea is in the form of a suspension in liquid water. At least about two gram atoms of halogen is added per mole of urea reactant, usually about 100200% of this proportion depending upon the monosubstituted urea feed. The halogenation is carried out at a temperature of about 0 (zero)-60 C. The halogen becomes attached at either the 1 or the 3 positioncounting from the R side of the formuladepending upon whether a car- 3,522,233 Patented July 28, 1970 "ice bonyl or alkyl carbon is attached to the urea nitrogen atom. R is either alkyl having at least 3 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl.

A particular urea reactant is an alkoxycarbonyl urea,

t r o (III) X 0 X where X and X are different and are either chlorine, bromine or hydrogen; and R; is either alkyl, cycloalkyl each having 3-15 carbon atomsand R C(O) and R is aliphatic, cycloaliphatic aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy, each having not more than 10 carbon atoms; and said radicals having the following relation: (a) when X is hydrogen, X is chloro or bromo, and R is said alkyl or cycloalkyl; and (b) when X is chloro or bromo, X is hydrogen and R is R C(O)-.

The hydrazo invention In this process of the invention a N-monohalomonosubstituted urea,

is reacted with an alkaline material in the presence of a compound (reactant) affording a reactive hydrogen. It is essential that at no time should there be an excess of N-chloro compound over the alkaline material, in order to get high yields. An organic reaction medium tends to result in the disubstituted hydrazine reaction product; an aqueous reaction medium tends to result in both disubstituted and monosubstituted hydrazine reaction products, depending upon the conditions. The R group is either alkyl, having at least 3 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxy carbonyl. X and X are different; one being chloro or bromo and the other being hydrogen. The reaction is usually carried out at a temperature of about 0100 C.

Commonly the reactant compound is water, ammonia, carboxylic acid (R COOH), primary alcohol, (R OH), primary mercaptan (R SH), primary amine (R NH and secondary amine [(R NH] where R is either alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, i.e., R as in (II) supra. In some cases the reaction medium may also be the reactant affording the reactive hydrogen.

A particular urea reactant is II I! I C O-NH where R is as defined in (II) supra; X and X are as defined in (III) and (IV) supra.

The reaction product may be either a mono or disubstituted hydrazo compound, that is, a compound includ ing the hydrazo group,

The new class of hydrazo compounds of the invention is, WI) r i t? R.-o-o-NNo-oR',

where R and R are different and are either alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal.

The azo invention Azo compounds as used herein are compounds including the azo group, N=N. Many procedures are known for the conversion of a hydrazo compound to the corresponding azo compound. Any of these can be applied to the particular hydrazo compounds to produce the new class of azo compounds of the invention.

A new class of azo compounds is,

(VII) R is either R or hydrogen; R is either alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl and aralkyl.

A more limited class of azo compounds can be expressed by the formulae:

wherein R is H or R; each R is different and is alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, phenyl, t-cumyl or benzyl.

DESCRIPTION N-monohalomonosubstituted urea invention As is pointed out in the summary, in this process a urea as defined at (I) is reacted with free-halogen, either chlorine or bromine. Chlorine is preferred.

An important feature of this process lies in the use of a liquid reaction medium consisting essentially of water. The defined ureas (I) are of low water solubility and the reaction is carried out with the ureas (I) in the form of finely divided particles or droplets suspended in the liquid water. The halogenation reaction proceeds to the desired degree even though the urea reactant is immiscible and the halogenated urea reaction product (IV) is also of low water solubility. A minimum amount of Water is used as determined by the ability to maintain a uniform suspension of the urea (I). In general about 5-10 volumes of water are used for each volume of urea (I) The halogenation reaction is carried out at an effective temperature of between about 0 (zero) C. and about C. Commonly the reaction temperature is about 5 "-25 C.

Sufiicient defined free-halogen is introduced into the reaction medium to afford at least about two gram atoms of halogen per mole of defined urea (I) reactant. In order to obtain the desired degree of halogenation, in general, an excess of halogen may have to be introduced. In some instances the stoichiometric amount is sufiicient. In general the free halogen is charged in an amount of about -200% of the set-forth proportion, i.e., about 2-4 gram atoms of halogen per mole of urea (I).

It has been discovered that, in some cases, the yield of desired reaction product (IV) is increased and the use of halogen decreased when there is present in the reaction medium an acceptor for the hydrogen halide by-product of the reaction. This aceptor may be any compound which does not interfere with the halogenation reaction. It is desirable to use an acceptor which can be readily separated from the defined halogenated urea-preferably the acceptor-hydrogen halide reaction product is water soluble. Especially preferred acceptors, such as zinc OX- ide, maintain the pH of the aqueous reaction medium on the acid side and afford a water soluble reaction product.

The acceptor is present in about the amount needed to react with the hydrogen halide produced. It is desirable to use only about the necessary amount of acceptor.

When chlorinating the urea (I) using zinc oxide acceptor for the hydrogen chloride by-product, it has been found that the desired monochloro urea product is obtained when the chlorine is charged in an amount of 100- of the set-forth proportion.

The monohalo urea product (IV) is water insoluble and is easily isolated in high purity by simple filtration, Water washing of the filter cake, and then drying of the washed cake.

A limited number of N-monochloromonosubstituted ureas are known. All of these are of the configuration:

where Z is the art substituent, and the chloronitrogen is number 3 in urea naming. The other possible isomer (XI) Cl 0 H X o X The process of this invention produces monohaloureas in both the isomeric forms as represented by Formula IV supra. The isomer (X) is obtained from alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aralkylurea while the isomer (XI) is obtained from alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, and acylureas.

In ureas containing a carbonyl group attached to one of the nitrogens, e.g.

(XII) o 0 ll H H RC N C NH2 the hydrogen remaining on this carbonyl substituted nitrogen is much more acidic than the two hydrogens attached to the other urea nitrogen atom. This is evidenced by the fact that while ethoxycarbonylurea,

(XIII) 0 0 II H U is insoluble in water, it is very soluble in aqueous dilute sodium hydroxide. It is quantitatively precipitated from such an alkaline solution by acidification; thus it forms soluble sodium salts through this acidic hydrogen. Therefore, this highly acidic hydrogen is preferentially displaced by the positive chlorine in making the N-chloro compounds of these carbonyl containing ureas by direct aqueous chlorination. Thus, whereas the prior art indicates that the monosubstituted-N-chloroureas previously known are all of the structure (X) above, the present process produces those of structure (XI) above from ureas containing a carbonyl group attached to one of the nitrogen atoms as evidenced by infrared spectroscopy wherein the amide 'II band characteristic of monosubstituted amides is no longer present in these N-chloro derivatives.

EXAMPLES A The following procedures were used for the preparation of monosubstituted N-chlorourea isomers:

(XIV) o 01 H II I R-N-C-N-H and Chlorine gas was admitted into an aqueous stirred suspension containing 0.10 mole of the monosubstituted urea, 0.03 to 0.05 mole of zinc oxide and 50 to 200 ml. of water at 0-60 C. until about 0.10 mole, usually, of chlorine was absorbed. Some compounds needed an excess of chlorine. After stirring for an additional 15 to 60 minutes, the reaction mixture was filtered and the white solid product washed well with water. The resultant monosubstituted N-chloroureas were dried in a vacuum desiccator over calcium chloride to constant weight. Melting points, infrared spectra and active chlorine analysis were determined on the products. All melted with decomposition (dec.).

In preparing liquid N-chloro-N-alkylureas, chlorine gas was passed into an aqueous stirred suspension containing 0.10 mole of the monosubstituted urea and 50 ml. water until 0.10 mole of chlorine was absorbed at 0 to 50 C. After stirring for an additional to 60 minutes, 25 ml. CH Cl was added, the reaction stirred an additional minutes and the CH Cl layer separated. The CH CI layer was washed twice with ml. portions of water, dried over anhydrous Na SO filtered and the CH Cl stripped off.

Various derivatives were prepared according to these procedures, these are listed in Table A.

6 Under the same conditions, except that zinc oxide was present, a satisfactory purity level was obtained at a 10% excess chlorine usage.

Example A .Preparation of 1-chloro-3- l-methcyclohexyl) urea (EH I Example A .--Preparation of 1-chloro-3-(t-cumyl)urea A slurry of 12.0 g. (.0675 m.) of t-cumylurea in 70 ml. water at C. was stirred at high speed until the t-cumylurea became finally dispersed (10-15 minutes) and then the temperature was lowered to 15 C. Chlorine was 0 passed into the slurry at 0.20.3 g./minute until 4.5 g. chlorine had been absorbed. The reaction was stirred an addition /2 hour at 10 C., filtered, washed with water until free of acid and dried. The white solid weighed 12.2 g. (85% yield) and had a M.P. of 100105 C. After washing with pentane, the l-chloro-3-t-cumylurea melted at 104106 C. and contained 16.97% active chlo; rine (calculated value=16.7% active chlorine).

The hydrazo invention In the hydrazo process a hydrazine derivative is pre- TABLE A Percent yield of the N.P. of the Percent purity N-chloro N-chloro deof the N-chloro Monosubstituted urea feed derivative rivative, C. derivative N-(methoxycarbonyDurea. 80. 2 1 169-171 9g 8 N-(ethoxyearbonyDurea 92. 0 149-151 99 3 N -(isopropoxycarbonyl)u1'ea 68. 0 1 143-145 99 2 N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)urea 94. 7 1 73-86 96 9 t-Butylurea 89. 0 1 100-101 100 0 Pivaloylurea 94. 6 1 134-136 9 Q N-(1-Inethy1cyelohexyl)urea 66 100, 0 Cyclohexylurea. 97. 5 1 111-114 99 0 Acetylurea 81. 4 1 160-162 99 7 Benzoylurea 90.0 1 148-150 9 9 t-Cumylurea 85 1 104-106 100 0 t-Amyl urea 82 67-70 99 n-Butyl urea. 57 49-57 91 Dodecyl urea 66 -69 0 Isobutyl urea 66 Isopropyl me 46 n-propyl urea 72 l Decomposition. 2 Liquid.

The liquid alkyl-N-chloroureas were isolated by solvent extraction as shown. However, a solvent is not really necessary since these liquid alkyl-N-chloroureas were not soluble in the water reaction medium. A simple separation of the organic and aqueous layers can be used.

Methylurea and ethylurea dissolved in the water reaction medium and therefore their N-chloro derivatives could not be made by this process. No products were isolated from these attempted chlorinations Example A l-chloro-l-(ethoxycarbonyDurea was prepared without a hydrogen chloride acceptor. A 100% excess of chlorine gas had to be used to obtain a satisfactory purity level of product.

(IV) R NXCONHX with an alkaline material in the presence of a compound (reactant) affording an active hydrogen. Chlorine is the preferred halogen. An essential feature of this process is that the alkaline material is present throughout the reaction time in an amount at least equal to the N-halourea. An organic liquid which may or may not be a solvent for the halourea reactant (IV) may be used as a reaction medium. The halourea reactant (IV) may be suspended in an organic liquid or in a water reaction medium. It has been observed that the use of an organic liquid reaction medium tends to result in a disubstituted 5 hydrazine product. The monosubstituted hydrazine prod- 7 uct can be obtained as the exclusive product by using a water reaction medium.

The organic liquid and the water medium may also function as the reactant affording an active hydrogenthis is the preferred operation.

Preferably the reaction is carried out by adding the halourea, the active hydrogen reactant and the alkaline material incrementally and essentially simultaneously into the reaction zone in amounts to afford an excess of alkaline material in the reaction zone throughout the reaction time. Incremental includes a continuous flow at a controlled rate. Alternatively, the halourea is added to the alkaline solution of the active hydrogen reactant.

In general the hydrazo reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100 C. The reaction can be carried out in two stages of temperature: (1) about -30 C.; (2) about 60100 C. Although a fair yield of hydrazine product is obtained at the lower temperatures, the second stage ensures complete reaction. In many cases the second stage is not necessary.

The preferred active hydrogen reactants are water, ammonia, carboxylic acids, R COOH; primary alcohols, R OH; primary mercaptans, R SH; primary amines, R NH and secondary amines, (R NH.

The alkaline material is desirably an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, or the corresponding alkoxides. Other alkaline materials that are capable of extracting a proton from one of the nitrogens of the defined N-halourea can also be used.

In the process the molar ratio of halourea reactant to alkaline material is not permitted to exceed 1.0 in the reaction zone. This mode of operation affords high yields and high purity hydrazine products. It is postulated that an intermediate isocyanate compound, R-NHN C=O, is produced. If the halourea reactant should be present as such, it is believed a reaction takes place with the postulated isocyanate to form undesired side reaction products thereby decreasing yield and purity of the desired hydrazo product.

The hydrazo process of the invention has enabled the production of a new class of hydrazine compounds, as well as species not previously prepared of known classes of hydrazine compounds. This new class of hydrazo compounds has the formula:

where R and R are different and are either alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal. Broadly this class of compounds (VI) are unsymmetrical hydrazodiformates, e.g., methyl ethyl hydrazodiformate; methyl t-butylhydrazodiformate; isopropyl ethyl hydrazodiformate', sodium ethyl hydrazodiformate; and methyl isopropyl hydrazodiformate.

EXAMPLES B Monoand 1,2-disubstituted hydrazo compounds were prepared by procedure B below. The monosubstituted hydrazines were also prepared by procedure B below. 'Procedure B is preferred for preparing the 1,2-disubstituted hydrazines and procedure B for preparing the monosubstituted hydrazines.

Procedure B: Into one dropping funnel was placed 0.05 to 0.20 mole of a base dissolved in 50 to 100 ml. of the solvent. Into another dropping funnel was placed a solution, or a suspension, as the case may be, of 0.045 to 0.10 mole of a monosubstituted N-chlorourea in 50 to 100 ml. of the active hydrogen solvent. A stirrer was usually employed in the second funnel and a drying tube was attached to the top of the first dropping funnel when anhydrous bases were used.

Materials from the two funnels were simultaneously added to a rotating Vigreux column draining into a receiver flask cooled in an ice bath. The rates of addition were such that the mole ratio of the N-chlorourea to the base in the column never exceeded 1.0. The temperature of the rotating column was usually between 20 and 30 C., although lower and higher temperatures can be used. The addition times were usually 6 to 10 minutes. In batch processes, the funnels and the column were usually washed with some of the solvent.

To prevent ester interchange when methyl ethyl hydrazo esters were being prepared in methanol or ethanol solvent, the excess base was neutralized with hydrogen chloride, below room temperature, after the additions were completed.

The cool flask, containing the reaction mixture, was then immersed into a hot oil bath and a reflux condenser attached. After refluxing for 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was cooled again in an ice water bath where any excess base, if not neutralized previously, was neutralized with hydrogen chloride.

The disubstituted hydrazine compounds were then isolated in admixture with sodium chloride by distilling off the organic solvent. The infrared spectra of the hydrazine compounds thus obtained indicated that they were of sufficient purity for oxidation to the corresponding azo compounds. Sodium chloride is transparent in the infrared and its presence is beneficial in the oxidation step.

Samples of the pure disubstituted hydrazine compounds were obtained by washing out the sodium chloride with water, when the hydrazine compound possessed only limited or no solubility in water. The water soluble hydrazine compounds were isolated either by extracting them out of a sodium chloride saturated water solution with a suitable organic solvent, or by taking them directly into an organic solvent in which sodium chloride is insoluble. Recrystallization of the hydrazine compounds isolated by these techniques was usually not required, although very pure samples were readily prepared by recrystallization.

Procedure B To a rapidly stirred solution of sodium hydroxide in water (816%) at 10-25 C., was added the pure monosubstituted-N-chlorourea in /3 to /s the molar amount of sodium hydroxide present over a 1 to 1% hour time interval. After the addition was completed, the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 15 to 60 minutes and then filtered to remove the small quantities of by-products usually formed. The filtrate was then acidified with a mineral acid (e.g., sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid) to a pH of about 2 to obtain an aqueous solution of the mineral acid salt of the monosubstituted hydrazine, the concentration of which was determined by an iodometric titration. The pure salt was isolated by evaporating the aqueous solution to dryness and dissolving the hydrazine salt in alcohol, filtering, and evaporating the alcohol. In some cases, the hydrazine salt was crystallized from the aqueous reaction mixture by concentrating and cooling. The free monosubstituted hydrazines can also be obtained by extracting the sodium chloride saturated aqueous reaction solution with a water immiscible organic solvent for the hydrazine compound and then evaporating off the solvent.

Comments about the free acid 17 and sodium salt 18 in Table B: When the reaction is carried out with one mole of sodium hydroxide per mole of l-chloro-l- (ethoxycarbonyl)urea, the free acid is formed. With 2 moles of sodium hydroxide, the sodium salt is formed. Actually 2 moles of sodium hydroxide were used in both cases. The free acid was produced by careful neutralization of the sodium salt. In neither case were the pure products isolated since decarboxylation to ethyl carbazate is a side reaction at low temperatures and the only reaction at higher temperatures. Infrared and chemical evidence proved the existence of both the free acid and the sodium salt in the reaction mixture. The yields of both compounds, however, were low.

The data on these reactions and the products are given in Table B.

TABLE B C] i B I H ase R-I lilN\ and/or RNN\ g f N-b'I-product Percent R Act. H Cpd. Base Product yield M.P., 0.

O H H g 1. (CH C CHaOH NaOCHa (CH C-NN- OCH; 93.7 70

O H H A 2. Cyclohexyl CH OH NaO CH3 NN OCH; 57.3 54-57 H H H l 3. CH OC- OflHuOH NaOCaHs CHaO-C-N-N- OCzHs 72.5 Liquid 0 O l l H H I 4. CH O CaHsOH NQOCgHs CgH O- N-N- OCgH 71.6 127 I O O ll H H II 5. CgH5O- CHaOH NaOCHa CH3OCNNC--OCHa 89 l.

O O a H H l 6. C2H50- CzH5OH NZiOCzHa C2H50--C--N-N OCzH5 86.5 129-131 0 O O l l H H 1 7. (CH3)2CHO CaHrOH NaOCgH; (C a)2CHO- -NN OC2H 80.8 62-65 O O a l H H I 8. (OHs)aC-O- CHQOH NaOCHa (CHa)aC-O N-N -OCH 70.0 99-101 0 e 0. CgH O( 1 H1O NaOH C2H5O-( J-NHNH2HCI 23.6 124-127 H H H 10. (CHzQaC- NH3 NflNHq (CHa)3CNN- -NH 180. 5-1820 0 O O as a H H l 11. CQHEO- NH; NHAOH C2H50- --N-N NHa 4-44 105-110 0 ll 1! H H H 12. (CH3)2CHO CHsOH NaOCH; (CHa)2CHO-CNC-OCH 89.0 88-90 0 O O a H H U H 13. C3H50- n-CLERNH; Il-C4H9NH3OH czHsO- NN N-C4Hn-l1 100-105 0 O O l l H H H 14. C1H50 HnG NaOH CzH5O- -NNC-OH O O O a .l H l 15. C H O-- H1O NaOH C2Ha-O -NN ONa O O O 16. CH O--( CHBOH NaOCHa CHaO-(NN OCHa 81.7 120-122 17. (CH:);;C- H O NaOH (CHa)aCNHNH2=HCl 92 194-197 18. t-CsHn- H2O NaOH t-csHuNHNHFHcl 76 122-127 CH3 C 3 19. H NeOH @NHNHFH2SO4 52 CH CH3 20. CoHs- H2O NaOH CaH -(J-NHNHpHzSO4 78.3 200-205 N o'rE: Compounds 17-20 were made by Procedure B All others in Table B were made by Procedure B.

pH 2 by the slow addition of cone. HCl (CO is evolved). The acidified filtrate weighed 221.5 g. and assayed 6.56% t-butylhydrazine hydrochloride. The yield of t-butylhydrazine hydrochloride was 14.5 (92%) The aqueous solution was evaporated to dryness and the t-butyl-hydrazine hydrochloride extracted from the sodium chloride with warm ethanol. The ethanol solution was filtered and the ethanol concentrated and cooled to 5 C. The t-butylhydrazine crystallized out of solution. The t-butylhydrazine hydrochloride was filtered and washed with cold ethanol and dried in the hood overnight.

insolubles were discarded and the filtrate was acidified to The dried material had a MP. of 194-197 C. and assayed 1 99 /z% as t-butylhydrazine hydrochloride by iodometric titration.

Example B .Preparation of t-amylhydrazine hydrochloride CH3 CzHs CNH-NH2'HCI To a rapidly stirred solution of 38.8 g. (.966 m.) of sodium hydroxide in 300 ml. Water in a 500 ml. 4 neck round bottom flask was added 53 g. (.32 m.) of 96% N-chloro-N'-t-arnylurea over 1 hour holding the temperature at 20 C.i2 with a cold water bath. The reaction was stirred an additional two hours at 25 C. and filtered. The insolubles were discarded and the filtrate was acidified to pH 2 by the slow addition of 95 ml. conc. HCl (CO is evolved). The acidified filtrate weighed 513 g. and assayed 6.6% t-amyl-hydrazine hydrochloride. The yield of t-amylhydrazine hydrochloride was 33.8 g. (76%).

The aqueous solution was evaporated to dryness and the t-amylhydrazine hydrochloride extracted from the sodium chloride with ethanol. The ethanol solution was filtered and the ethanol evaporated to dryness leaving a white solid with a M.P. of 122-127 C. which assayed 86% as t-amylhydrazine hydrochloride by iodometric titration.

Example B .Preparation of l-(methylcyclohexyl) hydrazine sulfate To a rapidly stirred solution of 5.1 g. (.128 m.) of sodium hydroxide in 50 ml. water was added 6.0 g. (.0317 m.) of 1-chloro-3-(l-methylcyclohexyl)urea in small increments over 1 hour holding the temperature at C. with a cold water bath. The reaction mixture was stirred an additional /2 hour at 15 C. and filtered. The filtrate was acidified to a pH of 2 with 77% H 80. The aqueous solution weighed 66.3 g. and assayed 5.6% as I-(methylcyclohexyD-hydrazine sulfate (52% yield) by iodometric titration.

Example B .Preparation of t-cumylhydrazine sulfate To a rapidly stirred solution of 9.3 g. (.235 m.) of sodium hydroxide in 95 ml. water cooled to 15 C. in a water bath was added 12.9 g. (.058 m.) of 96% l-chloro- 3-t-cumylurea in small increments over 1% hour holding the temperature at 15 C.i-2. After the addition was over, the cold water bath was removed and the reaction stirred 1% hour, the temperature rising to room temperature. The reaction mixture was acidified with 77% H SO to pH 1. A small amount of insoluble material formed on the surface and this was filtered 01f. The aqueous solution weighed 142 g. and assayed 7.92% t-cumylhydrazine sulfate (78.3% yield) by iodometric titration.

The t-cymylhydrazine sulfate solution was concentrated until some solid began to come out of solution. The solution was cooled in the refrigerator for /2 hour and the crystallized solids filtered off. The solid t-cumylhydrazine sulfate had a M.P. of 200-205 C.

The azo invention Any of the hydrazo compounds may be converted to the corresponding azo compounds by one or other of the procedures known for this conversion.

Previously known azo compounds can be prepared much more readily from intermediates produced by the halourea and hydrazo process; many species not previously known have been prepared. Also, two new classes of azo compounds have been discovered. These new classes have the formulas:

R is either R or hydrogen; R is either -OR R or hydrogen and R and R are different and are either alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl and heteroalkyl.

The azodiformate sub-class of (VII) is of particular interest.

(VIII) 0 0 R..iiN=NoRm where: 11 is RCO: RZO or Rm IS RCO, R O-, 01' R3; (3) R and R are different; (4) Also R may be and when R is the aforesaid amide then R is R (5) R is R or hydrogen; and (6) R and R are difierent and are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl radicals.

EXAMPLES C In the dehydrogenation of the hydrazo compounds to the corresponding azo compounds, chlorine gas was passed into a stirred reaction mixture containing 50 ml. of water, 50 ml. of methylene chloride and 2 to 5 grams of the hydrazo compound at 020 C. until 0% to 10% excess of the calculated required amount of chloride was absorbed. After the chlorine additions were completed, the reaction mixtures were stirred for an additional 30 minutes at 0-15 C. The aqueous layers were separated, extracted once with methylene chloride and discarded. The combined methylene chloride layers were washed with water and then with 10% sodium bicarbonate until no further bleaching of pH paper was observed in the washings. After further washing with water, the methylene chloride solutions were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the methylene chloride distilled to leave the azo compounds in relatively high purity. Infrared spectra and hydrogen iodide titrations (showing the oxidizing ability of these azo compounds) were used to determine purity. Typical results are given in Table C.

TABLE O O H 11: --2E I] Rr-N-N- i; R rN=NC'R ii Percent Purity, 1 R ii yield percent I 8.. CHaO-(B- C2H50- 76. 7 100. 0

i b. (CHs)2CHO( J- C2HsO-- 74.0 100.0

N C. (CHa)3C-OC CHsO- 90.6 100.0

i G. (CHahC- 021150 90. 0 97.0

i e. CH -C 021350 65. 0 72. 9

f. CaH CQH50' 90.0 98.9

i g. (CHghCHO-- CH3O- 89.0 100.0

0 J]: H h. C5H5- 11-C4HON- 92 90. 4

2 r 1. (C H3) 30-- nC4H9N 87. 8 76. 7

Besides being intermediates for synthesizing the hydrazo compounds of this invention, the monosubstituted N-chloroureas are also useful as oxidizing agents, chlorinating agents, and disinfectants.

Because of their polyfunctional nature, substituted hydrazines find applications in many places. For example, these materials are useful for producing resins, coating, adhesives, plastics, insecticides, fungicides, textile treating agents, plasticizers, rubber softeners, blowing agents, and missile and jet fuels.

Uses of azo compounds of the invention include dyes, polymerization catalysts, blowing agents as shown in US. Pat. No. 3,306,862, oxidizing agents, and free radical generators.

Oxadiazolin-S-one When an N-monohalomonacylurea (XVI) O X where R. is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, is reacted with an alkaline material under the conditions of the aforedescribed hydrazo invention, the product has the cyclic structure (XVII) RC--'N of a 2-substituted-A-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one. These cyclic compounds are reacted with active hydrogen compounds at temperatures generally higher and longer times of the aforedescribed hydrazo invention, to obtain hydrazine compounds.

Compounds (XVII) where R is t-butyl, methyl, or phenyl have been prepared.

14 Throughout this specification the radicals are used in the following sense:

(1) Aliphatic and cycloaliphatic are used in the broadest technical sense; it is to be understood that substitucuts which can be expected to interfere with the reaction are excluded. These radicals which contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are preferred; as are the monoand di-ring cyclics.

(2). Aryl and aralkyl are used in the broadest sense; however, the phenyl and phenalkyl radicals such as benzyl and t-cumyl are preferred.

(3) Acyl refers to the li R-O- also written RC(O), radical where R can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aryl, or aralkyl and the corresponding alkoxy and aryloxy radicals. Preferably R has not more than 10 carbon atoms.

(4) Alkoxy, (alk)O-, and aryloxy, (aryl)0, alkoxy carbonyl,

n (alk)-O-C- and aryloxycarbonyl,

may be derived from any aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical. It is preferred that alk be alkyl and aryl be phenyl, and have not more than 10 carbon atoms.

Thus, having described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A compound having the formula wherein R is H or R; each R is different and is alkyl having 1-8 carbon atoms, phenyl, t-cumyl or benzyl.

. Methyl ethyl azodiformate.

. Methyl t-butyl azodiformate.

. Ethyl pivaloylazoformate.

. Ethyl acetylazoformate.

. Ethyl benzoylazoformate.

. Methyl isopropyl azodiformate.

. Benzoylazo-N-nbutylformamide References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,554,141 5/1951 Flory et al. 260192 X 2,903,361 9/1959 Marks et al. 260192 X 3,306,862 4/1967 Mageli et al. 260192 CHARLES B. PARKER, Primary Examiner C. F. WARREN, Assistant Examiner 

